Most of us, who are interested in politics, would be able to answer that evergreen pub quiz question: “Who was the UK’s first Labour Prime Minister?”
Ramsay MacDonald, I hear you cry.
But when pushed to say more about the truly ground-breaking Labour government of 1924, most of us would probably be reduced to mumbling “um er”.
Peter Clark’s book “The Men Of 1924” is an exceptionally informative and readable account of that stunning change in British politics.
To borrow from the book’s dust jacket, the “administration witnessed a radical departure from government by the ruling class. A majority of the new cabinet had left full time education by the time they were fifteen. Two were illegitimate, one was a foundling, three were from Irish immigrant families, another three had worked in coal mines before they were teenagers.”
For the first time, Britain’s government could be said to contain (albeit all male) representatives from across the classes of society.
The book starts with an account of how the first Labour government came about. Then there is a chapter on Ramsay Macdonald, followed by biographies of the “big four” under him in the government. Then the book tells us about the “Old Labour” people in the cabinet followed by the “New Labour” ones. It then ends with a description of how the government ended.
Some things in the book which stood out for me were:
John Clynes. From a migrant Irish family, he grew up in slums and started working barefoot in a mill at the age of ten. He self-educated himself in his (little) spare time in the Oldham Co-op library. He studied the dictionary by candle-light in the evenings. He got involved in politics and became a brilliant speaker, who strongly promoted the trade unionist cause. During the 1924 government he was Deputy Leader of the Labour party (having previously been leader) and Lord Privy Seal.
Philip Snowden became Chancellor of the Exchequer and was, I recently found out, the hero of Harold Wilson.
I also learnt from the book (and I admit I was ignorant of this) that there were several Labour members of the First World War coalition government and they helped to bring in several measures which were socialist in nature and essential in a wartime period.
All in all, it is a brilliant book, giving us an insight into an often forgotten, but truly historic, government in our history.
“The Men Of 1924” is written by Peter Clark and published by Haus Publishing.
* Paul Walter is a Liberal Democrat activist and member of the Liberal Democrat Voice team. He blogs at Liberal Burblings.



5 Comments
Interesting also to consider the former Liberals in the Macdonald cabinet. The most prominent was Richard Burdon Haldane, Asquiths brilliant Minister of War until May 1915 (and Asquiths Best Man when he married Margot). Haldane became Lord Chancellor in the first Labour Government but he wasn’t the only ex Lib.
From a Liberal / Lib Dem perspective, the Liberals who defected from the big-tent pre-war Liberal Party to socialism deserve more study — eg Haldane, Trevelyan, Wedgewood and (not in Cabinet) Morel. There was an aristocratic Labour wing at the time (including both former Liberals and out-and-out Labour believers) — it wasn’t entirely working class.
Indeed the book writes extensively on Wedgwood, Haldane and Trevelyan in its “New Labour” section – along with others. Sorry I didn’t mention this.
The 1924 Labour government was desperate to appear respectable and it achieved that. However they were still brought down by a Red Scare.
Returning to office in 1929 their obsession with fiscal orthodoxy led them down the road of welfare cuts and a damaging split (sound familiar)!
The golden age of Labourism came later between 1945 and 1975 then we had the next big financial crisis under Callaghan which ended with an embarassing loan from the IMF. The party has been in decline ever since, with its based in organised labour shrinking with every year that goes by.
1924 was significant in that it saw the first ever Labour government I have a very strong feeling that we could be living through the last!
Labour – a ‘men’s’ party. Never had a woman leader. Never had a woman prime minister. says it all. End of.