A year ago I predicted that “oil prices will not end 2008 materially higher than they are today, and that they will be at least a third lower in 5-10 years.”
The first prediction was right, in spades – I will write again in 5 and 10 years time about the second.
The prediction provoked a short but high quality exchange in the comment column. Not everyone agreed: Nick Rouse wrote of a “primitive economist’s models that bear no resemblance to reality” while in May, Mary Matthews wrote that “Boy, did you get it so wrong”, before adding “Economists cannot predict the future and trying is a waste of time.” (NB: I respect the fact that neither of you hid behind Anonymous in your commenting).
Economists’ predictions will always have large error bounds because we are trying to predict the aggregate results of individuals’ idiosyncratic decisions. But oil producers and users need to think about likely price trends when making investment decisions. Forecasting is necessary.
Predicting that a price will fall when it is more expensive than usual, and demand and supply are elastic, is likely to be right. As petrol prices rose in the forecourts, people cut back. The number of miles driven fell a little, sales of fuel inefficient cars fell (particularly in the US, where the price rise was highest in percentage terms), and people slowed down on the motorway, quite dramatically. In addition, the prospect of getting more than $100 a barrel for stuff that had been worth much less only a year before led oil producing nations to increase supply.
Demand fell, supply rose, and today Bloomberg report that West Texas Intermediate is $48.58 and Brent is $49.23. These are lower than long term prices, since at these levels deep water exploration, and Canadian and Venezualan oil shales will not be profitable. But oil prices may not rise this year, for three reasons.